
Whats Bounce Rate? A Plain-English Answer for Business Owners
Whats bounce rate, and how is it different from exits, engagement time or dwell time? Learn what each one really answers and what to ask your SEO agency.
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Quick answer: A good SEO proposal diagnoses your specific site, sizes the keyword opportunity, sets out a prioritised roadmap, lists deliverables and reporting, states what the agency needs from you, and explains term and exit. Read the diagnosis first: if it could describe any company in your industry, nobody has looked at your site yet.
Most Singapore business owners read an SEO proposal from the back. They flip to the price, then the deliverables list, then the contract term, and only skim the opening pages where the agency describes what it found. That order is backwards. The price tells you what you will pay, and the deliverables tell you what will be done, but only the diagnosis tells you whether the agency understood the problem those deliverables are supposed to solve.
SEO (search engine optimisation, the work of making your website show up in Google’s unpaid results for searches your customers make) is diagnosed before it is delivered, in the same way a contractor should inspect a flat before quoting a renovation. If you have not yet worked out what a full engagement normally covers, our overview of SEO services is a useful baseline to hold a proposal against.
This guide walks through the sections a sound proposal contains, the red flags that should slow you down, a method for comparing two proposals side by side, and the questions worth asking before you sign. The argument running through all of it is simple: the most revealing page in any proposal is the diagnosis, and a proposal that could have been sent to any company in your industry was written before anyone opened your website.
A proposal is a sales document, but it is also the first piece of work an agency does for you. Everything after the diagnosis is built on it. The keyword targets, the roadmap, the deliverables and the reporting plan should all trace back to specific problems and opportunities the agency found on your site. If the diagnosis is generic, everything downstream is generic too, no matter how polished the formatting.
Here is the test we suggest. Cover your company name and read the diagnosis again. Could it describe a competitor’s site? Could it describe any SME (small or medium-sized enterprise) in your category? If statements like “your site needs better keyword targeting”, “your content could be more optimised” or “you need more high-quality backlinks” make up most of the page, the agency has described the industry, not your business.
A site-specific diagnosis looks different. It names numbers you can verify in your own Google Search Console (GSC, Google’s free tool that shows which searches your pages appear for and whether Google has indexed them). It refers to particular page types, particular templates, particular technical faults. It explains why those faults matter for your revenue rather than just listing them. It also tells you what is already working, because a careful auditor finds strengths as well as gaps.
In our experience, the quality of the diagnosis predicts the quality of the engagement better than anything else in the document. An agency that spent real hours on your site before quoting will usually keep spending real hours after you sign. An agency that sent a template before the sale will usually send templated monthly reports after it.
There is a fair objection: agencies cannot do a full audit for free on every prospect. That is true, and a proposal diagnosis does not need to be exhaustive. It needs to be specific enough to prove someone looked. Three or four concrete findings tied to your actual pages are worth more than thirty generic recommendations. If an agency has not seen your analytics, the proposal should say so and explain what it checked from the outside, such as a crawl of your public pages, a review of indexed URLs, and the visible search results for your main services.
Proposals vary in length and design, but the sound ones answer the same seven questions. If a section is missing, that is not automatically a problem, but you should know why it is missing.
Notice that the deliverables list is only one of seven. It tends to dominate how owners compare proposals because it is the easiest section to count. But a long deliverables list on top of a weak diagnosis is a list of activities with no proven connection to your problem.
The roadmap is where you see judgment. Any agency can list twenty tasks. A good one tells you which three matter most for your site, and why the rest can wait. For many small businesses with limited budgets, our page on small business SEO explains why that prioritisation matters even more when spend is modest.
The clearest way to show the difference between a generic and a specific diagnosis is with a real starting point. Our ecommerce SEO case study documents a nine-month engagement with a B2C product ecommerce store selling home and lifestyle goods in Singapore, built on WooCommerce. The starting audit is a good model of what a proposal diagnosis should contain.
A generic proposal for that store might have said “improve your product page SEO and build more backlinks”. The actual diagnosis was far more specific. The store had 200+ product SKUs but only 34% were indexed by Google, 68 of 200. Three years of accumulated faceted navigation URLs (the filter combinations such as colour, size and price that online shops generate automatically) had created thousands of duplicate pages. There was no XML sitemap (a file listing the pages you want Google to find), no robots.txt rules blocking the faceted navigation parameters, and no structured data of any kind. Core Web Vitals (Google’s measures of loading speed, responsiveness and visual stability) were failing across all three metrics on both desktop and mobile. Three years of blog posts had zero internal links pointing to revenue-generating product or category pages.
Every one of those findings points directly at a piece of work, and that is the point. Here is how the baseline compared with the position at month nine, with figures exactly as published on the case study page:
| Metric | Baseline (Month 0) | Month 9 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Monthly organic visitors | 1,200 | 4,640 | +287% |
| Organic monthly revenue | S$8,400 | S$28,600 | +240% |
| Keywords ranking page 1 | 12 | 74 | +517% |
| Product pages indexed | 34% | 95% | +61pp |
| Core Web Vitals | Failing (all 3) | Passing | – |
| Category pages with content | 0 | 15 | +15 |
| Domain Authority | 11 | 24 | +13 |
The store also reached #1 for 2 category terms. It is worth being plain about where that result came from. It was the whole programme, not one tactic: Phase 1 crawl and index repair in months 1-2 (which moved indexation from 34% to 79%), Phase 2 product schema, Phase 3 category page strategy across 15 categories, Phase 4 internal link architecture, and Phase 5 a blog content programme running from month 3 to month 9. The diagnosis is what made that sequence obvious. Indexation came first because no content investment could reach its potential while two thirds of the products were invisible to Google.
When you read a diagnosis, look for that kind of chain: finding, consequence, fix, order. If you run a store yourself, our ecommerce SEO page lists the platform-level issues worth asking any agency about.
After the diagnosis, the two sections that most reveal an agency’s thinking are the keyword sizing and the roadmap. Both are easy to inflate.
Keyword sizing should tell you which searches matter and why. A weak proposal presents a long spreadsheet of keywords sorted by search volume, often including terms that are only loosely related to what you sell. A strong one groups keywords by intent (what the searcher is trying to do: research, compare, or buy) and by which page on your site should rank for them. It also tells you where you stand today. “You rank on page two for these eight commercial terms” is far more useful than “these 150 keywords have a combined monthly volume of 40,000 searches”.
Be cautious with volume totals. Singapore is a small search market, and many valuable B2B and professional-service terms have modest monthly volumes. A proposal that leans on large combined figures is often selling scale rather than relevance. We’ve seen proposals where the headline keyword list was dominated by informational terms that would bring readers but almost no buyers, while the handful of searches that actually lead to enquiries were buried on page four of an appendix.
The roadmap should be sequenced by dependency and impact, not by what is easiest to bill. Ask why each phase sits where it does. Technical fixes that unblock everything else usually come first. Content that targets high-intent searches usually comes before broad awareness content. Off-page work (activity outside your site, such as earning links and mentions from other websites) usually follows once there is something on the site worth linking to.
A padded roadmap has a recognisable shape: the same set of activities repeated every month for twelve months, with no change in emphasis as the site improves. Real programmes shift focus as problems get solved. If month ten looks identical to month two, the plan was written as a billing schedule, not a strategy.
Technical problems in particular tend to be under-scoped in proposals because they are invisible to most owners. If the diagnosis mentions crawl issues, redirect chains, duplicate pages or speed failures, the roadmap should show when and how they will be fixed. Our technical SEO page explains the categories of fix worth seeing named explicitly.
Some warning signs are well known. Others are subtle enough that owners sign without noticing them. These are the ones we would slow down for.
Most agencies will tell you that a twelve-month minimum is necessary because SEO takes time. The first half of that is true; results genuinely take months. But the conclusion does not follow, and in our experience the long lock-in frequently backfires for both sides. A confident agency can offer a shorter initial term or a reasonable notice period, because it expects the work to justify renewal. Long lock-ins mostly protect the agency from the consequences of a weak start.
The quietest red flag is the absence of anything uncomfortable. A diagnosis that finds only good news, or a roadmap with no trade-offs, suggests someone is managing your expectations rather than assessing your site. A useful proposal usually contains at least one finding you would rather not have heard.
The sections most often skimmed are the ones that decide whether an engagement succeeds or ends in a dispute.
Assumptions are the conditions under which the agency’s plan works. A good proposal states them: that you will provide access to your content management system, that a developer will be available for technical changes within a stated turnaround, that product or service information will be supplied, that content will be approved within a set number of working days. When these are written down, everyone knows where responsibility sits if a timeline slips.
When we audited stalled engagements that clients brought to us from previous providers, the cause was rarely that the agency did nothing. It was more often that recommendations sat unimplemented for months because nobody on the client side had been assigned to action them, and the proposal never said that anyone needed to be. Dependencies on your side are not a weakness in a proposal; they are a sign of honesty. In regulated sectors such as finance, legal or healthcare, approvals can take longer, and the proposal should account for compliance review time explicitly. Our industry SEO page covers how timelines tend to differ by sector.
Exit terms matter even if you never use them. Check:
A fair exit clause does not signal that the agency expects to be fired. It signals that it is confident enough not to need to hold your data hostage. If the price section is unclear about what is included, compare it against a published reference point; our pricing page shows how a structured breakdown can be laid out so you know what each tier covers.
Owners usually receive two or three proposals with different formats, different terminology and prices that are hard to line up. The trick is to stop comparing documents and start comparing answers. Take each proposal and fill in the same grid.
| What to compare | Weak proposal looks like | Strong proposal looks like |
|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis | Generic statements that could fit any competitor | Specific findings on your pages, with numbers you can check |
| Keyword sizing | Long list sorted by volume | Grouped by intent, mapped to pages, current position shown |
| Roadmap | Same tasks every month | Phased, sequenced by dependency, shifts as problems are solved |
| Deliverables | “On-page optimisation”, “link building” | Named changes and outputs you can verify |
| Reporting | Rankings only, or a tool export | Traffic, enquiries or revenue, with commentary |
| Client dependencies | Not mentioned | Access, approvals, developer time and turnaround stated |
| Guarantees | Rankings or link counts promised | No ranking guarantee; clear about what is controllable |
| Term and exit | Long lock-in, unclear ownership | Reasonable notice, accounts in your name, handover stated |
| Price clarity | Single monthly figure, scope vague | SGD figures tied to scope, GST treatment stated |
Fill in the grid honestly and you will usually find that the cheaper proposal and the better proposal are not the same document, but nor is the more expensive one automatically better. Price is the last row for a reason. Compare scope first, then decide whether the price difference reflects a real difference in work.
Two more habits help. First, ask each agency to explain the other’s key finding. If Agency A says your biggest problem is indexation and Agency B never mentions it, ask B about it directly. Either B has a good reason or B did not look. Second, check whether each proposal’s first ninety days would actually change anything measurable. If neither plan would move a number you care about within the first quarter, ask what the leading indicators are.
For businesses that depend on walk-in or nearby customers, add a row for Google Business Profile and local search. Proposals often treat it as an afterthought, and our local SEO page explains why for clinics, F&B outlets and service businesses it is often the first priority, not the last.
A proposal meeting is your chance to test the document. These questions tend to separate agencies that know your site from agencies that know the template.
We’ve seen owners treat this meeting as a formality once they have a preferred agency in mind. It is worth the hour. The answers to questions one and seven in particular tell you more about the working relationship than anything in the printed proposal.
If you would like an independent read before committing, a standalone review can help. Our SEO consulting and audit page explains how a site-specific assessment can sit alongside or before a proposal decision, so you have your own baseline to compare agency claims against. For background on how we approach that kind of review, the about page sets out who we are and how we work.
Field notes: In our medical case study, the initial audit of a general medical clinic (GP) in Toa Payoh found 47 crawl errors, zero schema markup, no Google Business Profile activity and three of the five service pages sharing identical meta descriptions. Those findings were fixed in months 1 to 2, and by month 6 monthly enquiries from organic had gone from 2 to 19. That is what the diagnosis section of an SEO proposal should read like: findings that could only come from looking at that specific site, each pointing directly at a piece of work.
Read the diagnosis before the deliverables. A deliverables list tells you what an agency is willing to do; the diagnosis tells you whether it knows why. If a proposal could have been sent to any company in your industry, the agency has not looked at your site yet, and the plan built on top of that diagnosis will be generic however long the list of tasks.
Use the seven sections as a checklist, treat ranking guarantees, link quotas and lock-ins as reasons to slow down, and compare competing proposals on the same grid rather than on price alone. A specific diagnosis, an honest list of what the agency needs from you, and a fair exit clause are the three signs that a proposal was written for your business. If you are still deciding who to invite to propose, our homepage is a good starting point for understanding what a specialist approach looks like.
A complete proposal covers seven areas: a diagnosis of your specific site, keyword and opportunity sizing, a prioritised roadmap, a list of verifiable deliverables, a reporting plan, the assumptions and dependencies on your side, and the contract term and exit conditions. Pricing should be shown in SGD with GST treatment stated. If one of these sections is missing, ask why rather than assuming it is covered somewhere else in the agreement.
Length matters far less than specificity. A ten-page proposal with five concrete findings about your site is more useful than a forty-page document full of generic SEO explanations and boilerplate case studies. As a rough guide, the diagnosis and roadmap should take up a meaningful share of the document. If most pages describe the agency itself or explain what SEO is, the proposal is a brochure rather than a plan.
Yes. Google’s own guidance for people hiring an SEO says that no one can guarantee a top ranking. An agency offering a guarantee is either targeting obscure phrases that nobody searches, so the promise is easy to keep but worthless, or making a claim it cannot control. Reasonable proposals describe what is controllable, such as fixes implemented and content published, and set expectations for outcomes without guaranteeing them.
Look for findings that could apply to any website: “improve page speed”, “add more content”, “build backlinks”. Copy-paste audits often include hundreds of tool-generated issues with no ranking of importance and no comment on your business model. A genuine diagnosis names specific pages or templates, gives figures you can check in Google Search Console, and explains which problems matter most for your revenue.
SEO genuinely takes several months to show results, so a very short commitment may not give the work a fair chance. That does not mean a long lock-in is necessary. Look for a reasonable initial term with a clear notice period afterwards, no automatic multi-year renewal, and terms that keep your accounts, content and data in your ownership. A confident agency can usually accommodate that.
Typically website and content management access, analytics and Google Search Console access, a contact who can approve changes, developer time for technical fixes, and business input such as product details, service information or expert review of content. A proposal should list these and state expected turnaround times. If your team cannot commit to them, discuss it before signing, because unimplemented recommendations are a common reason engagements stall.
Put both into the same grid: diagnosis, keyword sizing, roadmap, deliverables, reporting, client dependencies, guarantees, term and exit, then price. Compare scope first. A higher price is justified only if the scope or expertise is genuinely different. It also helps to ask each agency about the other’s main finding, which quickly shows which one actually examined your site.
At minimum, monthly reporting on organic traffic, visibility for your target searches, and the work completed. Where possible, reports should connect to business outcomes such as enquiries, calls or online revenue tracked in Google Analytics 4. Rankings on their own are a weak measure. Commentary explaining what changed and what happens next matters more than the number of charts.
Yes, and most first proposals are prepared from outside data: a crawl of your public pages, a check of what Google has indexed, and a review of the search results for your key services. A good proposal will say which findings are based on external checks and which would need confirming once analytics access is granted. That transparency is itself a quality signal.
This should be stated in the proposal or contract, and it should be you. Your Google Search Console, Google Analytics 4 and Google Business Profile should be registered to your business, with the agency added as a user. Content written for your site should transfer to you on payment. If the proposal is silent or ambiguous on ownership, clarify it in writing before you sign.
If you have an SEO proposal on the table and want a second opinion on whether the diagnosis actually fits your site, we are happy to take a look. We will tell you which findings hold up, what seems to be missing, and what questions to put back to the agency, with no obligation to work with us. Get in touch and send it over.
Natalie leads SEO strategy at Singapore SEO Agency, helping local and regional businesses build organic search programmes that drive qualified leads. She specialises in technical SEO and content-led authority building for Singapore SMEs.
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